Allah does not create anything purely evil. We understand that the evil thing was created for the greater good that comes as a result of it. But why did Allaah not produce the good results of evil which He permitted through other means which would be free from evil?
Answer:
Praise be to Allaah, we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger
To understand the question itself, we should first look at some Incidents of where this may have happened.
The Story of Musa and al – Khidr[1] is an excellent example of where Allah ordered Khidr to do certain Evil acts. In the story, Khidr breaks part of a boat[2], kills a child[3], and builds a wall for people who were harsh to him and Musa[4]. At first, these may seem strange and even evil. Musa (peace be upon him) confronted Khidr about this and asked that he would explain why he did all those acts. Allah says in the Qur’an, “(Khidr) said: "This is the parting between me and you, I will tell you the interpretation of (those) things over which you were unable to hold patience.”As for the ship, it belonged to Masâkîn (poor people) working in the sea. So I wished to make a defective damage in it, as there was a king after them who seized every ship by force. "And as for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared lest he should oppress them by rebellion and disbelief.”So we intended that their Lord should change him for them for one better in righteousness and near to mercy. "And as for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the town; and there was under it a treasure belonging to them; and their father was a righteous man, and your Lord intended that they should attain their age of full strength and take out their treasure as a mercy from your Lord. And I did it not of my own accord. That is the interpretation of those (things) over which you could not hold patience."[5]
If we look at the above story, we notice that Khidr was commanded to do small acts of evil[6], which in turn had a greater good in the end. Ibn Abil – ‘Izz explained, “…Thus Allah may dislike something, but this does not counter His willing that thing for another purpose as it will be a cause for something that is beloved to Him.”[7]
Therefore it is clear that the Evil from Allah is for the ultimate good that occurs in the end. Now the question “Why did Allaah not produce the good results of evil which He permitted through other means which would be free from evil” Ibn Abil – ‘Izz replied, “This question itself is invalid. It supposes one can have an outcome without a cause, a consequence without having an antecedent. It is like hypothesizing a son without a father, movement without a moving object, repentance without one to repent, and so on.”[8]
To explain this, let’s take the example of Ibless and Adam. We know that Ibless is cursed by Allah and is a being of wickedness. So why create him? We know that when iblees tricked Adam to eat the fruit, Adam sinned[9] and because of this, Adam needed to repent[10] and the act of repentance is one of the most beloved acts to Allah[11]. But how could Adam have repented, if he did not sin? And how could he have sinned if this evil creature had not inclined him to sin? Another example is that of the injection. When you go for a vaccine, they give you a Jab. This causes some pain, however, it could potentially save you for some diseases that would inflict a lot of pain.[12]
In conclusion, we should realise that everything Allah Wills and ordains has wisdom behind it, even if we don’t understand it[13]. Ultimately, Allah wills good for His servants[14] and even though some of the things that can happen in life may seem evil to us, in the end, they are for the greater good (that follow them).
And It is Only Allah Who grants success. May Allah Exalt the mention of His slave and Messenger Muhammad, and render him, his household and companion safe from Evil.
And Allah Knows Best
References
× Commentary of ‘A’laam as – Sunnah al – Manshoorah’ by Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips, Islamic Online University
× Saheeh Bukhaari and Saheeh Muslim ahadeeth taken from, http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah
× Tafseer ibn Katheer from, www.tafsir.com
× The Qur’an translation taken from, www.thenoblequran.com
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[1] Who is Khidr? It is said that he was a Prophet of Allah. He was also more knowledgeable then Musa (peace be upon him), and Allah commanded Musa to go and learn from him. Narrated Ubayy bin Ka'b: The Prophet said, "Once the Prophet Moses stood up and addressed Bani Israel. He was asked, "Who is the most learned man amongst the people. He said, "I am the most learned." Allah admonished Moses as he did not attribute absolute knowledge to Him (Allah). So Allah inspired to him "At the junction of the two seas there is a slave amongst my slaves who is more learned than you."…” [Saheeh Bukhaari, Volume 1, Book 3, Number 124; and from Sa'id b. jubair in Saheeh Muslim, Book 030, Number 5864] Refer to http://www.islamqa.com/index.php?ref=21793&ln=eng&txt=khidr
[2] “So they both proceeded, till, when they embarked the ship, he (Khidr) scuttled it…” [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Kahf 18:71]
[3] “Then they both proceeded, till they met a boy, he (Khidr) killed him…” [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Kahf 18:74]
[4] “Then they both proceeded, till, when they came to the people of a town, they asked them for food, but they refused to entertain them. Then they found therein a wall about to collapse and he (Khidr) set it up straight.!...” [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Kahf 18:74]
[5] The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Kahf 18: 78 – 82
[6] Ibn Abil – ‘Izz explais, “We should also realise that evil Allah never created anything one hundred percent evil without any good aspects to it. His wisdom prevented that. It is inconceivable for Allah to desire something that is evil in all its aspects that has no benefit whatsoever in its creation. All good is in His hands and no evil proceeds from Him. In fact, everything that comes from Him is good. Evil occurs because of its lack of being related or attributed to Him. If it had proceeded from Him, it would not have been evil. Thus the severance of this relation with Allaah makes a thing evil. One may argue that all relations have not been severed; evil is still something that has been foreordained and created. This is true, but in this respect the thing is not evil. Certainly its existence is attributed to Allaah, but from that point of view it is not evil. It is evil because He has not made it good or conducive to anything good. This deprivation of goodness is not a “thing” that one may ascribe to Allaah, Who has every good in His hands. One may argue that all relations have not been severed; evil is still something that has been foreordained and created. This is true, but in this respect the thing is not evil. Certainly its existence is attributed to Allaah, but from that point of view it is not evil. It is evil because He has not made it good or conducive to anything good. This deprivation of goodness is not a “thing” that one may ascribe to Allaah, Who has every good in His hands.” [Commentary on the Creed of at – Tahawi, pp. 197 – 200; as quoted in Commentary of ‘A’laam as – Sunnah al – Manshoorah’ by Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips, Module 7, p. 8]
[7] Commentary on the Creed of at – Tahawi, pp. 197 – 200; as quoted in Commentary of ‘A’laam as – Sunnah al – Manshoorah’ by Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips, Module 6, p. 6
[8] Ibid.,
[9] “Then Shaitân (Satan) whispered suggestions to them both in order to uncover that which was hidden from them of their private parts (before); he said: "Your Lord did not forbid you this tree save you should become angels or become of the immortals." And he [Shaitân (Satan)] swore by Allâh to them both (saying): "Verily, I am one of the sincere wellwishers for you both." So he misled them with deception. Then when they tasted of the tree, that which was hidden from them of their shame (private parts) became manifest to them and they began to stick together the leaves of Paradise over themselves (in order to cover their shame). And their Lord called out to them (saying): "Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you: Verily, Shaitân (Satan) is an open enemy unto you?" They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers." (Allâh) said: "Get down, one of you an enemy to the other [i.e. Adam, Hawwa (Eve), and Shaitân (Satan), etc.]. On earth will be a dwelling place for you and an enjoyment, - for a time." He said: "Therein you shall live, and therein you shall die, and from it you shall be brought out (i.e.resurrected)." [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-A'raf 7: 20 – 25]
[10] “Then Adam received from his Lord Words . And his Lord pardoned him (accepted his repentance). Verily, He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance), the Most Merciful.” [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Baqarah 2:37]
[11] “…Truly, Allâh loves those who turn unto Him in repentance and loves those who purify themselves (by taking a bath and cleaning and washing thoroughly their private parts, bodies, for their prayers, etc.).” [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Baqarah 2:222] Narrated Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him): Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: “Allah is more pleased with the repentance of His servant when he turns penitently towards Him than one of you would be on finding the lost camel.” [Saheeh Muslim, Book 037, Number 6611]
[12] One more blessing for this pain is that Allah allows the people to taste some pain in this world so that they can reflect and remember the horrors of what will happen if they disobey Allah. Here is one example of such a punishment from Allah : Narrated Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): that a person came from Jaishan, a town of Yemen, and he asked Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) about the wine which was drunk in their land and which was prepared from millet and was called Mizr. Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) asked whether that was intoxicating. He said: Yes. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Every intoxicant is forbidden. Verily Allah the Exalted and Majestic, made a covenant to those who drank intoxicants to make their drink Tinat al-Khabal. They said: Allah's Messenger, what is Tinat al-Khabal? He said: It is the sweat of the denizens of Hell or the discharge of the denizens of Hell. [Saheeh Muslim, Book 023, Number 4962]
[13] “Truly! Allâh wrongs not mankind in aught; but mankind wrong themselves.” [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Yunus 10:44]
[14] “We wronged them not, but they were the Zâlimûn (polytheists, wrong-doers, etc.).” [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Az-Zukhruf 43:76]